Simple Summary
China’s key one-year bank funding rate has fallen to a record low
PBOC charged some banks as little as 1.5% on policy loans in January
Move lowers borrowing costs without headline rate cuts
Signals continued, low-key support for economic growth
What Happened
China’s central bank, the People’s Bank of China, allowed the interest rate on its one-year medium-term lending facility (MLF) to fall to as low as 1.5% in January, down from 1.55% in December, according to people familiar with the matter.
That compares with an official MLF rate of 2% a year ago, before the PBOC stopped publishing a single benchmark rate.
Why This Matters
Lower funding costs for banks, encouraging lending
Supports an economy facing deflationary pressure and a prolonged property slump
Helps stabilise bank net interest margins, which have been under strain
Key point: This is another example of Beijing’s “drip-feed” stimulus approach, easing conditions quietly rather than with big headline-grabbing moves.
How the Policy Works Now
Since March 2025, banks bid for MLF funds at different rates
PBOC no longer publishes a single MLF rate
The central bank now prioritises 7-day reverse repos as its main policy tool
The new benchmark short-term rate has eased to 1.4%, down 10 basis points
Liquidity Still Flowing
The rate cut coincided with:
900 billion yuan of MLF loans in January
A record injection of longer-dated liquidity, including 3-month and 6-month reverse repos
This suggests policy easing is continuing through liquidity management rather than formal rate cuts.
Bottom Line
Key Takeaways
MLF borrowing cost hit a record low
No big-bang stimulus — easing remains subtle
Banks and growth-sensitive sectors benefit
More incremental support likely ahead

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