China’s property crisis shows no signs of easing as at least 48 million homes remain unfinished, posing a significant threat to the country’s real estate sector, according to a report from Bloomberg Intelligence.
Key Highlights:
Unfinished Homes Crisis: The staggering number of 48 million unfinished homes in China exceeds Germany’s entire housing stock as of 2021. This situation threatens developers’ revenues, as buyers may increasingly avoid purchasing pre-sale properties and opt for completed or second-hand homes instead.
Struggling Property Sector: Despite a government rescue package that includes a 300 billion yuan (US$42 billion) relending program, China’s property sector continues to face severe challenges. Residential sales of new homes plummeted by 19.7% in July, reflecting the ongoing strain on the market.
Labor Shortage Compounds Problems: An ageing workforce is exacerbating the crisis. The average age of migrant construction workers rose to 43 in 2023, up from 38 in 2014, with those over 50 now comprising 31% of the labor force. Meanwhile, the proportion of workers under 30 has halved, partly due to low wages that fall below the national average.
Construction Worker Decline: The correlation between home completions and the number of construction workers is evident, with the workforce peaking at 61 million in 2014 and declining by 25% since. Home completion shortfalls amounted to 8.4 billion square meters (90 billion square feet) for sales from 2000 through the first half of 2024, representing 38% of the cumulative total.
Shift in Buyer Preferences: A significant shift in buyer behavior is emerging, with existing-home sales surpassing new home sales by area for the first time in 2023. Completed homes now account for 27% of new sales in the first half of 2024, a sharp rise from 10% in 2021.
Outlook: The vast number of unfinished homes in China signals deep-rooted challenges in the property sector, with a potential long-term impact on developers, buyers, and the overall economy. As buyer preferences shift and labor shortages continue, the path to recovery for China’s real estate market remains uncertain.

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