Key Takeaway:
Stronger wages and a resilient labour market are not translating into higher consumer spending, raising concerns over Malaysia’s domestic demand-led growth. AmBank projects private consumption growth of ~5% in 2025, but notes that sentiment remains subdued amid global and domestic policy uncertainties.
Household Spending Trends
Income growth vs. spending restraint: Wages have risen post-pandemic, but loan applications, approvals, and disbursements at the household level have tapered off in recent months.
Weak sentiment: Tepid household spending reflects a low propensity to consume, driven by concerns over US policy shifts, global geopolitical risks, and domestic supply-side adjustments.
Implications for Growth
GDP contribution at risk: With private consumption making up over 60% of GDP, slower spending momentum could weigh on the broader economy.
Forecasts:
Official projections: GDP growth 4.0%–4.8% in 2025.
AmBank forecast: GDP growth 3.8%, underpinned by private consumption (~5%) and business investment.
Firdaos Rosli, AmBank’s chief economist, noted the absence of a “feel-good factor” to lift sentiment.
Policy and Fiscal Factors
Government cash aid: A recent RM100 per person payout (worth RM2b in aggregate) could provide short-term support to household spending.
RON95 subsidy rationalisation: Details expected end-September. The Finance Ministry is finalising a quota system for eligible individuals.
AmBank expects a gradual rollout rather than abrupt subsidy cuts, avoiding a repeat of last year’s diesel rationalisation shock.
Investor Takeaway
Consumer caution underscores potential downside risks to Malaysia’s growth story, even as the labour market and wages remain supportive. Policy execution — especially on fuel subsidies — will be a key swing factor for household sentiment into 2026. While headline GDP may hold up, the quality and sustainability of consumption growth remain in question.
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