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中国光伏出口商联合行动,终结价格战,应对全球产能过剩

面对供应过剩、价格战以及欧盟、印度、巴基斯坦和巴西等主要出口市场日益增长的保护主义威胁,中国领先的光伏出口商——包括天合光能、隆基绿能和通威股份——承诺停止在海外市场的价格下调竞争。这一举措旨在稳定出口市场,推动行业可持续发展。 主要动态 行业协作: 由 中国机电产品进出口商会 牵头成立了由 22家光伏企业 组成的“自律”委员会,致力于促进健康竞争,稳定出口价格。 政策调整: 自 12月1日 起,硅片、电池片和组件的出口退税率将从 13% 降至 9% ,旨在鼓励出口高附加值产品,减少反倾销调查风险。 产能过剩危机: 过度生产导致价格下滑,造成大量亏损、裁员,甚至企业破产,给中国光伏企业带来沉重压力。 全球影响: 中国在光伏出口市场的主导地位受到越来越多的关注,外国市场可能采取反补贴措施,这为行业增加了更多的不确定性。 专家观点 大和证券分析师Dennis Ip: 退税率下调可能对光伏组件公司的短期财务状况产生负面影响,但从长期来看影响有限。 隆基绿能的观点: 行业领导者认为,这一举措是中国光伏行业的“转折点”,强调合作对于维持全球竞争力的重要性。 展望 随着中国光伏企业努力实现市场稳定,向高附加值产品和合作战略的转型有望改善行业的全球形象和长期韧性。然而, 产能过剩 和 退税减少 的直接挑战依然严峻。在国际市场压力下,如何平衡短期财务影响与长期发展需求,将成为行业关键议题

中国工业利润下降,受通缩和疲弱产出拖累

10月,中国工业利润连续第三个月下降,同比下滑10%。尽管近期出台的刺激措施略有成效,但持续的生产者价格通缩和疲软的工厂产出仍对利润造成压力。

主要亮点

10月利润下降:

  • 工业利润同比下降10%,低于9月27.1%的更大降幅。
  • 彭博经济学此前预计利润下降20%,实际表现好于预期。

年初至今表现:

  • 2024年前10个月的利润同比收缩4.3%,较2023年同期下降。
  • 数据表明工业利润可能连续第三年下滑。

行业影响:

  • 工业利润反映工厂、矿山和公用事业的财务状况,直接影响投资决策。

影响因素

通缩压力:

  • 生产者价格指数(PPI)在10月下滑速度超出预期,标志着中国自1999年以来最长的通缩期。
  • 国内需求疲软持续对企业财务状况造成压力。

产出挑战:

  • 尽管有政策支持,工业产出仍然停滞不前。
  • 大型企业面临资产负债表受限的问题,恢复能力有限。

全球不利因素:

  • 唐纳德·特朗普当选总统后,对中国商品可能实施高额关税的风险加大,为出口带来更多挑战。
  • 来自欧盟等地区的贸易壁垒进一步增加了出口难度。

复苏迹象

刺激措施效果:

  • 包括货币宽松和房地产支持政策在内的近期措施初显成效。
  • 基础设施投资在10月保持稳定,城镇失业率降至四个月低点。

政策逐步见效:

  • 国家统计局指出,政策加速落实正在改善企业表现,但利润仍处于下降趋势中。

展望

中国工业部门继续面临显著的国内外压力。在缺乏持续政策干预的情况下,利润难以迅速复苏。全球贸易环境的不确定性,特别是特朗普政府可能施加的关税威胁,为依赖出口的经济增添了挑战。而国内通缩和需求疲弱问题仍未根本解决。尽管信心有所改善的迹象为未来带来希望,但风险依然高企。

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