A new study has revealed that workers who cannot work from home (WFH) receive higher wage gains to compensate for their lack of flexibility. According to research conducted by economists from the University of Nottingham, the University of Sheffield, and King’s College London, in-person staff in the UK saw their wages grow faster than those who could work remotely after the pandemic.
The study found that workers able to work from home faced a “remote work wage penalty”, with their wages growing 2% to 7% slower than those in occupations requiring them to be on-site. Despite this, the non-salary benefits of working from home—such as reduced commuting costs and improved work-life balance—outweighed the lower wage gains.
This compensation disparity did not increase inequality between remote and non-remote workers, as higher wages for in-person work balanced out the flexibility perks of WFH. The research, which analyzed wage data from 2018 to 2023, comes amid ongoing debates about return-to-office (RTO) mandates as labor markets loosen. Companies like PwC UK and Amazon have recently implemented stricter in-office requirements.
Additionally, the study found that many UK workers would be willing to sacrifice 8.2% of their pay for the option to work from home two to three days a week, with women, young workers, and those with long commutes particularly valuing this flexibility.
The findings challenge arguments that WFH increases inequality, as both in-person and remote workers ultimately see balanced compensation.
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