As he prepares to leave his post, outgoing US Ambassador to China Nicholas Burns reflected on the state of US-China relations, emphasizing that while progress has been made, competition remains the defining feature of the relationship.
Balanced Approach to US-China Ties
- Burns revealed that 80% of his efforts focus on managing competition with Beijing and 20% on engagement. He called this the “right balance” to maintain stability while addressing key issues.
- The ambassador praised collaborative achievements, such as:
- Fentanyl crackdown: China arrested 300 individuals and banned 55 precursor chemicals in a significant move to curb illegal drug trafficking.
- Improved military communication and a prisoner swap.
- “We’re on the right road here,” Burns said, urging continuity in the approach to relations.
Key Areas of Cooperation and Conflict
- Fentanyl Trade: Burns highlighted unprecedented cooperation, with Beijing taking steps not seen in the past six years.
- Cybersecurity: US concerns over Chinese cyber-aggression remain a major sticking point.
- Russia’s War in Ukraine: Burns criticized Beijing’s support for Russia, calling it a “major division” with tangible costs to the relationship.
- Economic Competition: Burns supported maintaining tariffs to protect US manufacturing, saying, “We cannot afford a second ‘China shock.’”
- Human Rights: He strongly condemned China’s restrictions on religious freedom and its actions in Hong Kong, which he said have eroded democracy and human rights.
Future Outlook
- Burns emphasized that the future of US-China ties depends on choices made by both nations.
- As President-elect Donald Trump prepares to take office, Burns avoided direct commentary on potential policy shifts, including Trump’s proposed tariffs.
- Trump’s nominee for ambassador, ex-senator David Perdue, is set to take over in January. Burns expressed confidence in the embassy team’s ability to support Perdue.
Key Quotes
- On Russia: “China’s support for Russia has created a firestorm and remains a major division between us.”
- On religious freedom: “Severe limits on religious practice in China demand clear and consistent advocacy from the US.”
- On Hong Kong: “The disappearance of democracy and human rights in Hong Kong is squarely the fault of the Chinese government.”
Burns’ tenure, which began during a low point in US-China relations in 2022, underscores the complexities of managing ties between the two largest economies. As his term concludes, his message is clear: the US-China relationship requires careful navigation, balancing competition with cooperation.
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