The Federal Reserve reduced interest rates by half a percentage point on Wednesday, marking the beginning of what is expected to be a series of monetary policy easings. The Fed’s rate-setting committee stated that it has gained greater confidence that inflation is moving toward the 2% target, prompting a larger-than-usual rate cut to a range of 4.75%-5.00%.
Despite inflation still being "somewhat elevated," the Fed justified the rate cut by noting progress on inflation and a balanced outlook on employment and price stability. While most policymakers agreed on the 50-basis-point reduction, Governor Michelle Bowman dissented, favoring a quarter-percentage-point cut instead.
The Fed projects additional rate cuts: another half a percentage point by the end of 2024, a full percentage point in 2025, and a final half-point cut in 2026, bringing the rate to a range of 2.75%-3.00%. This reflects a long-term outlook on monetary policy, with the federal funds rate forecasted to settle slightly higher at 2.9%.
Economic projections remain steady, with inflation expected to drop to 2.3% by the end of the year and 2.1% in 2025. The unemployment rate is anticipated to reach 4.4% by year’s end and hold there through 2025. Economic growth is projected to stay at 2.1% through 2024 and slightly lower at 2% in 2025.
Fed Chair Jerome Powell will address the public later, discussing the rate cut, economic conditions, and the Fed’s approach as it heads toward the US presidential election in November.
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